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In formal language theory, a cone is a set of formal languages that has some desirable closure properties enjoyed by some well-known sets of languages, in particular by the families of regular languages, context-free languages and the recursively enumerable languages. The concept of a cone is a more abstract notion that subsumes all of these families. A similar notion is the faithful cone, having somewhat relaxed conditions. For example, the context-sensitive languages do not form a cone, but still have the required properties to form a faithful cone. The terminology ''cone'' has a French origin. In the American oriented literature one usually speaks of a ''full trio''. The ''trio'' corresponds to the faithful cone. ==Definition== A cone is a non-empty family of languages such that, for any over some alphabet , * if is a homomorphism from to some , the language is in ; * if is a homomorphism from some to , the language is in ; * if is any regular language over , then is in . The family of all regular languages is contained in any cone. If one restricts the definition to homomorphisms that do not introduce the empty word then one speaks of a ''faithful cone''; the inverse homomorphisms are not restricted. Within the Chomsky hierarchy, the regular languages, the context-free languages, and the recursively enumerable languages are all cones, whereas the context-sensitive languages and the recursive languages are only faithful cones. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cone (formal languages)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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